Worried that a loved one hasAlzheimer’s disease?
While you may be right, you should be sure to have a physicianconduct a thorough evaluationto be certain.
Some illnesses and conditions that look and act like Alzheimer’s are reversible with appropriate treatment.

WIN-Initiative / Neleman / Getty Images
Here are 10 potentially reversible causes ofdementia symptoms.
Early identification and treatment of NPH typically produce better results.
These includememory lossandbehavior changes, such asagitationand irritation.

Les Cunliffe / Photolibrary / Getty Images
Some people develop a deficiency in vitamin B12 due to poor diets.
Other causes of this deficiency include health problems such as pernicious anemia or Crohn’s disease.
Older adults can also develop a reduced ability to absorb this vitamin.

A G Holesch / Image Broker / Getty Images
Vitamin B12 supplementation can often improve or restore your memory and overall cognitive functioning.
Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can cause frustrating cognitivesymptoms, but with treatment, many people’s symptoms fully resolve.
Severe insomnia and sleep deprivation can significantly impact our ability to think and reason.

Tetra Images / Getty Images
The good news is that there’s a cleartreatmentto this cause of memory loss.
Cognition can significantly improve if this issue is identified and addressed.
Brain tumors can cause many symptoms including some that affect memory, judgment, personality changes and impulse control.

ZhangXun / Moment / Getty Images
Symptoms of a subdural hematoma include confusion, lethargy, difficulty with speech and headaches.
Treatment can involve medication or surgery to drain the blood off the brain.
Outcome varies depending on the success of the treatment.

JGI / Jamie Grill / Blend Images / Getty Images
In older adults, delirium is often brought on by an infection such as aurinary tract infectionor pneumonia.
Prompt diagnosis and treatment of the cause of delirium are important for restored cognition.
This condition is sometimes reversible with emergency treatment at the hospital.

Kallista Images / Getty Images
Korsakoff’s syndrome is typically a long-term condition that sometimes follows an incident of Wernicke’s encephalopathy.
According to the Alzheimer’s Association, about 25% of people with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome will fully recover.
Prompt assessment, diagnosis, and early treatment may be able to improve or even reverse that decline.

Westend61 / Getty Images
2020;12(2):e6976.
doi:10.7759/cureus.6976
Samuels MH.Psychiatric and cognitive manifestations of hypothyroidism.Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes.
2020 Sep 1;3(9):e2013573.

MachineHeadz / E+ / Getty Images
2020 Oct;32(9):1165-1177. doi: 10.1177/0898264319895842.
2019;31(6):540-547. doi:10.1097/CCO.0000000000000581
Harvard Medical School.Subdural hematoma.
Lippmann S, Perugula ML.Delirium or dementia?Innov Clin Neurosci; 13(9-10):56-57.

Dana Hoff / Photographer’s Choice RF / Getty Images
Sekhon S, Marwaha R.Depressive cognitive disorders.
Vasan S, Kumar A.Wernicke encephalopathy.
Alzheimer’s Association.Korsakoff syndrome.