Gynecomastiais the enlargement of the glandular tissue in one or both of a young or older male’s breasts.
While hormonal imbalances account for many gynecomastia diagnoses, it can be triggered by medication.
It also can be a symptom ofliver disease,thyroid dysfunction,lung cancer, and other serious conditions.
Inti St Clair / Getty Images
Breast surgery was not performed on a female until over 1,000 years later, in 1897.
Symptoms
The main symptom of gynecomastia is enlarged breasts.
It often begins as a slight bump or lump behind thenipple.
This enlargement is usually painless, but some males experience tenderness.
While it usually occurs in both breasts, it can occur in only one.
What Causes Gynecomastia?
There are many reasons why gynecomastia develops, but the most common cause is a hormonal imbalance.
If a male has higher levels of estrogen than normal in their body, their breast tissue grows.
The American Society of Plastic Surgeons uses a scale to assess Grade I through Grade IV gynecomastia.
The use of certain drugs may also lead to enlarged breasts in men.
Is Gynecomastia a Serious Problem?
Gynecomastia is usually benign (non-cancerous) and not a life-threatening issue.But it can be emotionally challenging for some.
Blood tests to check hormone levels may also be performed.
Sometimes imaging tests like amammogramorultrasoundmay also be needed to confirm the diagnosis.
How Do You Fix Gynecomastia?
If pseudo gynecomastia is determined to be the cause, breast size will not decrease on its own.
In contrast, there are several possible treatment options for gynecomastia.
What is best for you depends on a few factors.
Watching and Waiting
Gynecomastia may resolve on its own and no treatment may be needed at all.
In a wait-and-watch approach, no specific treatment will be prescribed.
Of course, this should be done under the advice of your healthcare provider.
In Pain?
Pain is more common in patients with gynecomastia that recently developed or has progressed rapidly.
If breasts are tender, cold compresses may be applied.
Over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics (pain relievers) may also be used.
This is most often tried during puberty.
Adult males may also be prescribed a short course of one of these drugs.
Breast-Reduction Surgery
Surgery is a common treatment for gynecomastia.
The areola may also be reduced or repositioned.
Liposuction (a surgical technique using suction) can remove excess fat.
Gynecomastia Supportive Therapy
Having gynecomastia can be difficult for some males to deal with.
They may be embarrassed or insecure about their bodies.
Younger males going through puberty have an especially hard time.
Gynecomastia is fairly common, and it can get better over time.
Talking about your feelings with supportive family members or friends can be very helpful.
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