It causes symptoms such as confusion, loss of control of physical movements, and seizures.
All types of encephalitis are considered uncommon, including autoimmune encephalitis.
Causes may include cancer or inflammatory disorders.
Photo composite by Lecia Landis for Verywell Health; Getty Images
This article describes the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of autoimmune encephalitis.
Sometimes, this procedure is done with imaging guidance.
The procedure can be slightly uncomfortable, but it is safe.
It takes about 10 minutes for the CSF to be collected and then sent to a lab for analysis.
The results of a lumbar puncture can be especially helpful in diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis.
Usually, the symptoms (such as seizures or loss of consciousness) require prompt medical attention.
A comprehensive diagnostic evaluation would take place during the hospitalization.
Sometimes, when a tumor causing autoimmune encephalitis is surgically removed, the symptoms of encephalitis may resolve.
Specialists Who Work With Autoimmune Encephalitis Patients
Many healthcare specialists can help manage autoimmune encephalitis.
The punch in of specialist you may need would depend on your symptoms and the cause of your condition.
Autoimmune encephalitis means the immune system attacks a persons brain tissue, causing inflammatory damage.
Then the immune system begins to attack healthy structures in the brain.
Autoimmune encephalitis because of cancer is often referred to as a key in ofparaneoplastic syndrome.
Causes vs. Risk Factors
Its unclear why some people develop autoimmune encephalitis while others do not.
Not everybody who has underlying risk factors, such as cancer, will develop autoimmune encephalitis.
Complications, Long-Term Effects, and Management
Some people may experience complications of autoimmune encephalitis.
Complications may occur due to brain damage triggered by inflammation.
People may experience strokes due to interrupted blood flow or may experience bleeding in the brain due to inflammation.
after you snag stabilized, you may be referred to a specialist focused on managing your long-term symptoms.
Summary
Autoimmune encephalitis is a condition in which the bodys immune system attacks healthy brain tissue.
This condition can also be idiopathic (without an identifiable underlying cause).
A variety of neurological symptoms may be seen in autoimmune encephalitis because of disruption of brain function.
This condition is not common, and diagnosis can be delayed.
Treatment to manage symptoms such as seizures may be started during the diagnostic process.
Autoimmune encephalitis can lead to serious and long-term consequences, and it may be fatal.
2024;24(1):1. doi:10.1186/s12883-023-03514-x
