These may come in a variety of forms including syrups, lozenges, sprays, tablets, and capsules.
This medication works best for dry coughs.
There is one OTC antitussive approved for use in the United States calleddextromethorphan.
Illustration by Alex Dos Diaz for Verywell Health
It is most commonly sold as a syrup but can be found as capsules and lozenges.
Guaifenesin is the only expectorant approved for use in the United States.
Taking unnecessary drugs increases your risk of side effects.
This will help you avoidoverdosingif you take another OTC medicine with the same ingredient.
Risks and Considerations
Cough medicines are generally safe but aren’t appropriate for everyone.
There are certain people for whom the drugs may pose certain health risks.
Dextromethorphan should generally be avoided in people withsevere asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), orpneumonia.
These drugs have not been proven to be particularly effective in young children.
Dextromethorphan is the suppressant used in OTC remedies that acts on the brain to suppress the cough reflex.
Guaifenesin is the OTC expectorant that thins mucus so you could cough it up.
These drugs can be co-formulated in multi-symptom remedies along with antihistamines, decongestants, and pain relievers.
Cough medicines should not be used in children under 6 years.
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