Hematuria may be visible to the naked eye or only be detected with urine tests.
This article explores some of the common and uncommon causes of hematuria in males.
A urinary tract infection happens when bacteria from the gut enter the urinary tract through theurethraand infect the bladder.
Shannon Fagan / Taxi / Getty Images
More than 80% of urinary tract infections are because of the bacteriaEscherichia coli(E. coli).
BPH becomes more common with age.
In fact, more than 90% of males over the age of 80 have an enlarged prostate.
Kidney Infection
Kidney infection, orpyelonephritis, is usually sparked by a bacteria that infects the kidneys.
In males, calculi can also develop within the ureters and bladder.
However, it’s not always clear why calculi form.
High-Intensity Exercise
Hematuria can sometimes occur following a high-intensity workout.
In most cases, hematuria lasts between a few hours to three days after the intense workout ends.
If it lasts longer, another underlying cause is likely at play.
Also, 81% of people with hematuria were hematuria-free within three days.
Apart from blood in the urine, exercise-induced hematuria is not known to cause other symptoms.
Cancer
Cancer of thebladder,kidney, orprostatecan cause blood in urine in males.
The treatment of hematuria is directed by the underlying cause.
Testing urine for the presence of blood is helpful in determining the cause of hematuria.
Based on the suspected cause, imaging tests or an intravenous pyelogram may be ordered.
The treatment of hematuria is directed by the underlying cause.
Bolenz C, Schroppel B, Eisenhardt A, Schmitz-Drager B, Grimm MO.The investigation of hematuria.Dtsch Arztebl Int.
doi:10.1128/spectrum.01660-22
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Urinary tract infection.
Coccolini F, Moore E, Kluger Y, et al.Kidney and uro-trauma: WSES-AAST guidelines.World J Emerg Surg.
2019 Dec;14(1):1-25. doi:10.1186/s13017-019-0274-x
University of Connecticut.Kidney injury.
Venkatesh L, Karadakere Hanumegowda R.Acute pyelonephritis - correlation of clinical parameter with radiological imaging abnormalities.J Clin Diagn Res.
2023 Apr;15(4):e38064.
doi:10.7759/cureus.38064
Varma PP, Sengupta P, Nair RK.Post exertional hematuria.Ren Fail.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.Prostate cancer: screening.
Yale Medicine.Blood in the urine (hematuria).
McConaghy J, Panchal B.Epididymitis: an overview.Am Fam Phys.
2016;94(9):723-726.
2022 Sep;14(9):e29715.
2008;15 Suppl 1:54-61.
Johns Hopkins Medicine.Sickle cell disease.
Avellino GJ, Bose S, Wang DS.Diagnosis and management of hematuria.Surg Clin North Am.
2016;96(3):503-15. doi:10.1016/j.suc.2016.02.007
