The condition usually affects people over 30 years of age.
EBMD is sometimes silent, leaving those affected unaware of their condition.
These basal cells stick to the second membrane layer, also referred to as Bowman’s layer.
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In EBMD, the basal cells create abnormal, finger-like projections that stick out from the thickened underlying membrane.
These projections cause the epithelial cells to become loose.
These characteristic changes can be seen with the use of a slit-lamp biomicroscope.
However, about 10% have painful episodes of recurrent corneal erosion.
Recurrent corneal erosions are small defects in the surface of the cornea.
These defects are spots of missing epithelial cells that fall off easily because of the disorder.
However, upon close inspection, these characteristic changes can be detected.
Eye doctors will listen closely to your symptoms and overall medical history, which may provide clues.
A special yellow dye may also be put into your eye to make subtle corneal surface changes more visible.
Your healthcare provider may also perform keratometry or corneal topography, which measure the overall shape of the cornea.
Treatment
Treatment for EBMD is aimed at reducing the number of painful, symptomatic erosions.
If there is a history of dry eye, punctal occlusion is also recommended.
Blindfolds or goggles may also be part of the treatment plan to prevent dryness at night.
Occasionally, healthcare providers will use soft contact lenses to smooth out the cornea.
In cases in which a patient develops recurrent corneal erosions, healthcare providers will prescribe antibiotic drops.
Cycloplegic drops may also be used to reduce pain and improve comfort.
Cold compresses, chilledartificial tears, and topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops may also be prescribed.
Edell E, Woodward MA, Bunya V.Epithelial basement membrane dystrophy.
American Academy of Opthamology EyeWiki.
February 21, 2020.
