DiagnosingCrohns diseasecan take time and careful consideration for several reasons.
In addition, distinguishing Crohns disease fromulcerative colitis(and vice versa) can also be challenging.
Imaging
There are several types of imaging tests used to diagnose Crohn’s disease.
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Colonoscopy
Acolonoscopyallows a look inside the large intestine (colon).
During this test, a physician may see the characteristics of Crohns disease inside the large intestine.
This can include inflamed areas or ulcers that may occur in patches.
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There can be diseased tissue and healthy tissue alternating in different areas of the colon.
A colonoscope is a long, thin, flexible tube with a camera and a light on the end.
Patients prepare for this test by clearing their large intestine of stool.
Get our printable guide for your next doctor’s appointment to help you ask the right questions.
Patients are sedated during a colonoscopy so there isnt any pain or discomfort.
An IV will be started to give the sedating medications.
The results of these biopsies can help in making the diagnosis.
Most people can return to their regular activities the day after the test.
Biopsies will be taken to look at the tissue more closely and observe any signs of Crohns disease.
This means, however, that patients will need someone to take them home after the test.
A CT enterography (CTE) measures the thickness of the bowel, as well.
The CT scanner is a machine that has a round opening in the middle.
Patients lie on a table that slides into the opening of the scanner during the test.
Patients are asked to fast about four hours prior to the test, drinking only water.
Contrast is given during a CT scan, which helps with the visualization of the organs.
The contrast may be given as a drink, in an IV, or as an enema.
During the test, contrast dye will also be given through an IV.
Lastly, if necessary, an enema containing barium may be given.
All these types of contrast will help in visualizing the digestive organs and in helping physicians make a diagnosis.
Capsule Endoscopy
Acapsule endoscopyis done by swallowing a camera that is the size of a pill.
The preparation for this test includes fasting for several hours beforehand.
The camera will take photos all through the small intestine to give physicians a good look at the lining.
Patients will go about their normal activities during the day.
Its not necessary to retrieve the camera from the toilet, it can be flushed.
A follow-up appointment may be made to discuss any findings on the photos and if treatment is needed.
Two blood tests that may be ordered include the red blood cell and white blood cell counts.
These tests will give information on the effects any blood loss and inflammation are causing.
These tests wont be used to diagnose Crohns disease alone.
Some of the potential findings could include bacteria, blood, or parasites.
A very important stool test in the diagnosis and management of Crohn’s disease is afecal calprotectin test.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Crohns and Colitis Foundation.
Diagnosing Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis.
The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
Diagnosis of Crohns Disease.
National Institutes of Health.
