An Overview of Microbiology

The microorganisms studied vary widely, and the field of microbiology is broken down into many subfields of study. Types of Microorganisms Microorganisms, or “microbes,” are small living things. Microbes are found nearly anywhere on Earth. Rafe Swan / Getty Images Some need oxygen to grow and others do not. (Read further to learn about “good microbes.") At the current time, we are facing not only emerging infectious diseases but alsoantibiotic resistance....

April 18, 2025 · 2 min · 251 words · Nancy Hernandez

An Overview of Midodrine for Orthostatic Hypotension

Midodrine is a medication used to treat a condition known asorthostatic hypotension. This medication is also known by the following two brand names: Orvaten and Proamatine. Uses Midodrine belongs to a class of medications called alpha-adrenergic agonists. Verywell / JR Bee The way these medications work is by stimulating the blood vessels to tighten, which increases your blood pressure. Midodrine comes in tablet form and is only available with a prescription....

April 18, 2025 · 1 min · 186 words · Robert Jones

An Overview of Narcotic Bowel Syndrome

Such increased doses end up serving only to increase subsequent pain. One does not need to have a history of a prior digestive tract disorder to develop NBS. It is theorized that the number of people who have NBS is rising. Paul Bradbury / Caiaimage / Getty Images Symptoms Abdominal pain is the predominant symptom of NBS. Treatment The primary treatment is to discontinue any use of narcotic medications. For some, this process will happen gradually, while for most this process can happen quickly....

April 18, 2025 · 1 min · 144 words · Brian Garcia

An Overview of Nodular Sclerosing Hodgkin Lymphoma

The first symptom is usually enlarged lymph nodes, and the diagnosis is made by a lymph node biopsy. NSHL occurs most commonly between the ages of 15 and 35 and affects equal numbers of males and females. The prognosis is very good, in general, with roughly 90 percent 5-year survival. dardespot / Getty Images That said, the treatment can be challenging. Support, as well as long-term management, are important. Types of Lymphomas There are two main categories of lymphoma, includingHodgkin and Non-Hodgkinlymphoma....

April 18, 2025 · 3 min · 433 words · Mark Smith

An Overview of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Lymphocytes are found in the bloodstream but also in the lymph system and throughout the body. NHL most often affects adults and is more common than the other major category of lymphoma,Hodgkin lymphoma. kate_sept2004 / Getty Images NHL refers to many different types of lymphomathat all share some characteristics. kate_sept2004 / Getty Images However, different types of NHL can behave very differently. The most common punch in is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), an aggressive lymphoma....

April 18, 2025 · 2 min · 314 words · Kathryn Whitaker

An Overview of Ocular Histoplasmosis

This article discusses the symptoms of ocular histoplasmosis and its causes. It also covers how ocular histoplasmosis is diagnosed and managed. What Are the Symptoms of Ocular Histoplasmosis? Thinkstock Symptoms of a histoplasmosis infection will usually appear within 10 days ofHistoplasmafungus exposure. Some people with POHS don’t have any symptoms. The systemic infection usually disappears over a period of a few days and without intervention. Damage to one’s vision may not happen right away....

April 18, 2025 · 3 min · 542 words · Tammy Esparza

An Overview of Oligomenorrhea

Oligomenorrheais infrequent or unusually light bleeding during your menstrual periods. There are several causes of oligomenorrhea, some of which are harmless. In fact, light menstrual periods may be totally normal for you. Science Photo Library / Getty Images However, in some instances, oligomenorrhea can be a sign of a more serious health condition. Some variation in a persons menstrual cycle throughout their life is normal. Thehormones that influence the menstrual cyclecan be temporarily influenced by a number of different factors....

April 18, 2025 · 4 min · 750 words · Timothy Allen

An Overview of Parkinsonism

These include muscle stiffness, slow movement, speech impairment, tremors at rest, and more. Parkinsonism is also called atypical Parkinsonism, secondary Parkinsonism, or Parkinsonism plus. Without dopaminea neurotransmitter that regulates movementa person experiences neurodegeneration and the classic symptoms of Parkinsons disease. Verywell / Katie Kerpel Medications The most common pop in of Parkinsonism is drug-induced Parkinsonism. Some antipsychotic and antidepressant medications that alter dopamine production in the brain have Parkinsonism as a side effect....

April 18, 2025 · 4 min · 792 words · Lisa Dixon

An Overview of Patellar Tendon Tear

Atendonis a cord of fibrous tissue that connects muscles to bones. Other symptoms include knee pain, swelling, and bruising. Verywell / JR Bee Patellar Tendon Tear Symptoms Patellar tendon tears can be partial or complete. Verywell / JR Bee If the rupture is complete, the lack of an attachment makes it impossible to straighten the knee. The kneecap may also appear to slide up into the thigh as you do....

April 18, 2025 · 2 min · 386 words · Gregory Hahn

An Overview of Pediatric Migraines, Symptoms, and Treatment Methods

Older children can also get migraines, and up to 28% of teens get migraines. Despite the prevalence of pediatric migraines, the symptoms can be hard to spot, particularly in younger children. Therefore, the diagnosis can easily be missed. Verywell / Danie Drankwalter The symptoms of pediatric migraines are different from thesymptoms of migrainesin adults. Heres what you know about the causes of pediatric migraine symptoms and treatment methods. What Triggers Migraines in Kids?...

April 18, 2025 · 3 min · 430 words · Lindsay Larson

An Overview of Pediatric Neutropenia

This jot down of cell help prevent infection. There are several potential causes, including viruses, an autoimmune condition, cancer treatment, and others. Neutropenia is more common in infancy and early childhood with rates dropping as a child grows. PeopleImages / Getty Images This article discusses the types of pediatric neutropenia and what causes them. Pediatric neutropenia types include acute, cyclic, congenital, autoimmune, and chronic idiopathic neutropenia. Acute Neutropenia A viral infection is the most common reason for pediatric neutropenia....

April 18, 2025 · 5 min · 857 words · Kathleen Clark

An Overview of Peritonitis

Its usually due to a bacterial or fungal infection, and the primary symptom is severestomach pain. Symptoms Symptoms of peritonitis can be serious and excruciating. The abdomen might also look or feel bloated. Verywell / JR Bee If you show any signs of peritonitis, go to the emergency room or call an ambulance right away. The severity of these symptoms often depends on what caused the inflammation in the first place....

April 18, 2025 · 1 min · 209 words · Michael Fletcher

An Overview of Perthes Disease

Many people who have Perthes disease during childhood developearly hip arthritis, often requiring hip replacement in adulthood. Treatment is best determined by the stage of disease and age at which the condition is diagnosed. Treatment remains controversial, sometimes requiring surgery in the childhood years, other times being managed with nonsurgical treatments. Verywell/JR Bee Research is ongoing to determine the causes, prognostic factors, and ideal treatment of Perthes disease. Symptoms Perthes disease tends to occur in children between the ages of 4 and 10 years old....

April 18, 2025 · 2 min · 404 words · Justin Martinez