This acid production leads to symptoms likeheartburnand pain or difficulty swallowing.

Understanding Proton Pump Inhibitors

PPIs decrease acid levels in the stomach.

Many PPI products are available.

A package of Prilosec OTC brand heartburn medication

Getty Images |Bloomberg/ Contributor

Some are sold over the counter, and others require a prescription from a healthcare provider.

PPIs are some of the most commonly prescribed medications around the world.

When this pump is blocked, acid production is decreased.

This less harsh environment promotes ulcer healing, calms heartburn andacid reflux symptoms, and reduces damage to theesophagus.

PPIs lower acid production by inhibiting a protein in the stomach lining called the proton pump.

The protein is responsible for releasing H+ ions into the stomach.

Common examples of PPIs include Prilosec (omeprazole), Protonix (pantoprazole) and Nexium (esomeprazole).

Shanika LGT, Reynolds A, et al.Proton pump inhibitor use: systematic review of global trends and practices.

Eur J Clin Pharmacol.

2023 Sep;79(9):1159-1172.

Gommers LMM, Hoenderop JGJ, et al.Mechanisms of proton pump inhibitor-induced hypomagnesemia.

Acta Physiol (Oxf).

2022 Aug;235(4):e13846.

FDA.Protonix (Pantoprazole) Prescribing Information.

Lespessailles E, Toumi H.Proton Pump Inhibitors and Bone Health: An Update Narrative Review.

Int J Mol Sci.

2022 Sep 14;23(18):10733.

Villafuerte-Galvez JA.Proton Pump Inhibitors and Incident Clostridioides difficile Infection: Beyond Controversy, Pragmatic Approaches Are Needed.

2021 Jun 15;72(12):e1090-e1092.