VC can be assessed with aspirometer,which is a equipment used for measuring a variety of pulmonary functions.
Different pulmonary diseases affect VC.
Some factor into the calculation of your VC, while others are considered in addition to it.

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And your VC can be slightly less than your FCV due to the lack of required effort.
During the Test
Your diagnostic procedure will be guided by a respiratory therapist or a pulmonary technician.
You will be given time to rest and catch your breath between each test.
You might need to wait a few minutes or longer after using the treatment before continuing with the test.
Possible Diagnoses
Obstructive lung diseasesmay cause a slightly reduced VC.
Other examples of obstructive lung diseases includechronic obstructive lung disease (COPD)andcystic fibrosis.
Treatment of severe asthma can improve VC.
Restrictive lung diseasesmake it hard for you to inhale.
These conditions cause VC to decrease significantly.
A Word From Verywell
Maintaining the best control of your asthma involves regularly monitoring your breathing.
You may need to have your vital capacity and other measures of pulmonary function checked.
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2020;55(4):1037-1042.doi:10.1002/ppul.24664