The CNS consists of thebrain,spinal cord, andoptic nerves(nerves within the eyes).
The precise cause of MS remains a mystery.
This article reviews the immune system’s role as well as genetic and environmental factors in MS manifestation.
Verywell / Joyce Chan
During these attacks, myelin is damaged and eventually destroyed (demyelination).
The lesions and scar tissue disrupt communication between the CNS and the rest of the body.
From this disruption, various symptoms may develop, depending on the location of the inflammation in the CNS.
Commonearly warning signs of MSincludevision problemsandnumbness/tingling.
Other typical MS symptoms include fatigue,bladder problems, andmuscle spasms.
Is MS an Autoimmune Disease?
Most experts consider MS anautoimmune diseasebecause the immune system is causing the damage of healthy tissue.
What Triggers MS?
However, some people are more likely to develop MS because of their genetic makeup.
Contributing Risk: Environmental Factors
A number of environmental factors influence the development of MS. ## Sources of Vitamin D
Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin when exposed to the sun.
Smoking
Smoking increases a person’s risk of developing MS. ## Obesity
Obesity, especially in early childhood and adolescence, increases the risk of developing MS.
Moreover, in individuals already living with MS, obesity impacts the effectiveness of specificdisease-modifying therapies.
Excessive fat tissue (adipose tissue) in obesity creates a state of low-grade inflammation in the body.
Infections with the following organisms have been associated with developing or worsening MS:
Is MS Contagious?
No, MS is not contagious.
Can You Prevent MS?
Summary
The exact cause of MS has yet to be fully understood.
Non-modifiable factors like age, sex assigned at birth, and ethnic background also contribute to MS risk.
It’s impossible to predict who or why some people will develop MS and others will not.
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